You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources.
1(a)Study Source A.
What can you learn from this source about the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland? Explain your answer, referring to details of the source.(5)
(b)Study Source B
Why do you think the artist made this statement? Explain your answer.(6)
(c)Study Source C.
Are you surprised by what this source says about the reason for the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland? (7)
(d)Study Source D and Source E.
Does Source E prove that what shocked viewers across the world in Source D was true?
(7)
Who was responsible for the riots during the Civil Rights March of 1968?
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Read this carefully. It may help you answer some of the questions.
On 24 August, 1968 the first civil rights march was organized by the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA). This first march passed off peacefully but not so a demonstration held a few weeks later on 5 October in Derry. This was banned by the Unionist government and the few hundred who turned out to defy the ban, found themselves sandwiched between lines of baton wielding policemen and were ruthlessly beaten.
That night the television news showed pictures of the police attacking the marchers. The shock and anger this created turned the civil rights campaign into a mass movement.
Source A: Picture showing a mural of the Civil Right March of 5 October 1968. It is drawn by one of the 'The Bogside Artists' William Kelly in Derry, Northern Ireland.
Source B: From a website by the artists who drew the Civil Right
Mural.
Three individuals make up the group known as 'The Bogside Artists' - Tom Kelly, Kevin Masson and William Kelly. The group is famous for their murals in the area of Derry, Northern Ireland.
These murals depict key events of 'the Troubles' in the city since 1968. The artists have lived in the Bogside most of their lives and have experienced the worst of the conflict. In telling this story they have served to acknowledge with dignity if not pride the price paid by those who became victims of the struggle for democratic rights.
Source C: From the BBC News website
Unionists had ruled Northern Ireland for more than 50 years. During that time, the nationalist and Catholic minorities were subject to various kinds of discrimination.
In the late 1960s a group of nationalists, the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association, began to work for change. It catalogued discrimination against Catholics in housing and employment and demanded equal voting rights for all in local government elections.
Source D: Information obtained from Wikipedia
NICRA and the Derry Housing Action Committee organised a march to be held in Derry on 5 October 1968. William Craig, the Northern Ireland Home Affairs Minister, banned the civil rights march from the city centre.
When the demonstrators defied the ban, they were baton-charged by the Royal Ulster Constabulary who injured many marchers, including West Belfast MP Gerry Fitt. Television pictures of the march taken by RTÉ cameraman, Gay O'Brien, shocked viewers across the world.
Source E: A photograph from the Museum of Free Derry showing the scene in Rossville Street, 13th August 1965.
Suggested Answers
1(a) Study Source A.
What can you learn from this source about the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland? Explain your answer, referring to details of the source (5)
The Civil Right movement was no n-violence as the mural show a happy, almost festive occasion conducted by people who were content that they were standing up, at long last, against prolonged injustice.
The aim of the march was to bring about the elimination of discrimination in government. This is shown in the poster with words like anti-sectarian, and one man one vote which shows that the march was proetsting against the action of the Protest goevrnment who were favouring the Protestant.
(b) Why do you think the artist made this statement? Explain your answer. (6)
The artists want to convince the viewer that what their intention was to describe ‘The Trouble’ as it was. This is because they have lived in the Bogside most of their lives and have experienced the worst of the conflict.
They want the viewer to recognize the price that some people have paid to fight for their right.
(c) Study Source C.
Are you surprised by what this source says about the reason for the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland? (7)
No I am not surprise by what this source says about the reason for the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland.
The nationalist and the Catholic minorities have been discriminated for more then 50 years during the Unionists rule.
There fore I am not surprise when they demand for housing and employment and equal rights for all in local government election.
This is supported by Source A which is a mural showing that the people asking for jobs and to have the one man one vote system.
Therefore I expected the reason for the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland.
(d) Study Source D and Source E.
Does Source E prove that what shocked viewers across the world in Source D was true? (7)
No,it does not prove that what shocked viewers acroos the world in Source D was true as Source E was taken in August while the event described in Source D took place in October.
In addition, the picture did not show protester being baton-charged by the Royal Ulster Constabulary but a burning building.
However Source E is useful in tell me that demonstrators and riots are covered by television crew as Source E shows a televsion crew capturing an event that is taking place in Derry.
Therefore I can infer and guess that the event in Source D would be covered by the television crew and the ocitures taken would shocked the world.
But Source E cannnot prove compeletely that what shicked the viewers across the world in Source D is true.
6 comments:
1a )
Source A is a picture showing a mural of the Civil Right March of 5 October 1968. It is shown that "One Man One Vote" is one of the rights the Civil Rights March is advocating. Thus, I can learn that prior to the Civil Right March, the right to vote was not equal for all Man in Northern Ireland. On the mural, a banner drawn depicts "Jobs not creed". From there, I can learn that prior to the Civil Rights March, there is unequal job employment for certain people as it is also an aim of what the March wants to achieve. From the word "creed", I also understand that the discriminations root from a system of beliefs, especially religious ones. Therefore, I learn from Source A that the root of the discrimination was that of different religious beliefs, and from the tone of the words on the banner, I can learn that the main purpose of the March was to end these acts of religious discrimination.
1b)
The artists' purpose are justifying their reasons to draw the murals. They feel that by drawing these murals "depicting key events of 'the Troubles'they have served to acknowledge with dignity if not pride the price paid by those who became victims of the struggle for democratic rights," showing that there is a need to speak out their mind (which is the reason for their purpose) about why they want to " depict the Troubles". This statement is from a website by the artists who drew the Civil Right Mural, so they are targeting a global audience as the Internet is a global tool to communicate ideas.
They also hope that more people will be able to support "victims of the Troubles". This is because they " have lived in the Bogside most of their lives and have experienced the worst of the conflict." Since they should be "victims" themselves, they want people from other parts of the world to feel sympathy for them and other "victims".
1c)
I am not surprised. This is because when I cross-referenced with Source A, the Catholics in Northern Ireland were discriminated. For example, Source C has claimed that there were "discrimination against Catholics in housing and employment and demanded equal voting rights" and this is supported by Source A, which shows a mural in Northern Ireland fighting for rights such as "One Man One Vote" and "Jobs Not Creed".
Actually, I am more surprised. This source is found from the "BBC" (British Broadcasting Corporation) News website, which is supposed to be pro-Britain as the origin of BBC is from Britain. The surprising thing is that it is unbiased. It reports facts such as "nationalist and Catholic minorities were subject to various kinds of discrimination."
Hence, I am more surprised by the source more because of its provenance but not because of its contents.
1d)
Source E does not prove that what shocked viewers across the world in Source D was true. Source E show the "scene in Rossville Street, 13th August 1965," while the "march in Derry was on 5 October 1968," showing there is no link between the two events in Source D and E. Thus, Source E cannot be used to prove Source D. In addition, Source E shows no "marcher", especially any "injured one". Thus, it cannot support Source D, which states that television pictures of the march, which shows "injured demonstrators", "shock the world". Moreover, Source E may just be showing a normal fire, which is a usual occurrence, thus it just not depict the "baton-charging of the demonstrators" as claimed by Source D or the violence of the March itself. Therefore, Source E does not show anything shocking which may in turn "shock the whole world", therefore unable to make Source D reliable.
In conclusion, Source E cannot in any way prove that what shocked viewers across the world in Source D was true.
You Yue
4A
Dear You Yue
Great inference and supported given for 1a. Well written and clear thinking L5/5 marks.
1B is also well done as you could explain the reason for the artists' statement. Very good of you to see that the message is posted on the internet and so will have a global audience.L6/6
1C You must not be surprise. You were right as in they were ill treated. But you are wrong about the BBC . It is famour for giving balance view and will not support Britian just because it is from Britian. They will report the facts That is why many people still trust the BBC. L5/6
1d Well argued . But missed out that it can be use to indicate that events that are happening in 1960's will be broadcast by TV. So Source E is useful as a guide for you to expect that the Civil Right March will be covered by T.V. L6/6
Total 23/25 Well done. Great job
1(a)
I can learn that the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland was carried out because of discrimination against a particular religion, the Catholics, who were the ones who formed the NICRA. From the source, it can be seen that the people are protesting against the unequal rights. Labels such as ‘Jobs not creed’ and ‘one man one vote’, shows us that the Catholics in Northern Ireland were not given equal job opportunities and voting rights which were seen as basic human rights. Therefore, they engage in Civil Right movement to ask for an end to the discrimination issues.
I can also learn that the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland was carried out peacefully by the Catholics. From the source, it can be seen that no violence was involve, it show us that the people are engaged in peaceful marches, protesting for their rights. Violence in the form of fighting, weapons and bloodshed was not portrayed in the source. Thus, showing us that violence was not involved in the Civil Right movement and that only peaceful means was involved.
(b)
The artist made this statement to convince the people that they, the Catholics, had struggled and suffered from the riots in the Civil Rights March, ‘The Troubles’. ‘Have experienced the worst of the conflict’ shows us that the Civil Rights March could have turned violent and people experience a loss of lives and destruction of properties. Therefore, indicating that the Catholics who initially used peaceful means to ask for an end to discrimination met with riots and violence, causing them to suffer greatly as they merely wanted their basic rights in Northern Ireland. By doing so, they will be able to allow the people around the world since everyone has the access to view their website, to see that the Catholics who merely wanted a decent livelihood had suffered greatly in the riots that occurred due to the Civil Rights March, they hope by doing so, people would condemn the actions of the Protestant discriminating against the Catholics, and thus put an end to the discrimination.
The purpose of the source is also to justify their purposes in drawing the murals which depicts the scene of the Civil Rights Movement from the viewpoint of the Catholics and reiterate the idea that the Catholics who had been living in Northern Ireland for a long time constantly face discrimination issues. ‘Murals depict key events of the Troubles in the city’ showing us that most if not, all of the murals drawn were to portray the scenes in ‘the Troubles’. This tells us that by saying so they were in fact trying to tell the world through their murals of how the Troubles went about and portray the Catholics as the people who carried out demonstrations to ask for an end to discrimination peacefully. ‘Served to acknowledge with dignity the price paid by those who became victims of the struggle for democratic rights’, this tells us that the Catholics who started the Civil Rights March in an effort to put an end to discrimination faced riots.They view it that it was the Protestant that caused the conflict and the Catholics were in fact, the victims. The Catholics merely wanted to fight for their rights but in the process fell as victims as the marches met with violence. Thus, telling us that the Catholics were not responsible for the riots and victims should be acknowledged with pride for their courage to fight for their rights. ‘Lived in the Bogside most of their lives’ tells us that the Catholics have been staying in Northern Ireland for a very long period of time and throughout their stay, they constantly face discrimination issues causing them to be unable to continue with their way of life to such an extent where they face violence. Eventually, readers of the website would turn to pity the Catholics and see them as the victims from the riots and view the Protestants as the cause of the conflict because they had caused many sufferings to the Catholics.
(c)
I am not very surprise with what this source says about the reason for the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland. The Catholics in Northern Ireland had been discriminated against and not given equal opportunities as the Protestants in Northern Ireland. The source says that the reasons for the Civil Right movements were ‘to work for a change against the discrimination’. It is true that the Catholics in Northern Ireland were being discriminated against and were not given basic rights and the economic ability to survive in a country. The source says that they were ’discriminated in housing and employment’, ‘demanded equal voting rights’. No one citizen of a country would be able to tolerate not being treated fairly and moreover, to the extend that their economic livelihood in the country is being threatened. Therefore, it is not surprised that they will embark on peaceful Civil Rights movement to voice out their demands and ‘cataloged discrimination against Catholics’ in order to end the discrimination.
Since the source is from a BBC News website, it would essentially portray a neutral point of view and thus, allowing us to understand that the reasons for Civil Rights movement started by the Catholics was simply to ask for an end to discrimination as the source says ‘catalogued discrimination against Catholics’ and that they not use violence in the process of their demands.
(d)
Source E cannot be use to prove that what shocked viewers across the world in Source D is true.
Source E shows a photograph from the Museum of Free Derry showing the scene in Rossville street on 13th August 1965. However, in Source D, what shocked the viewers across the world was suppose to be pictures of marches held in Derry on 5th October 1968, which was 3 years after the picture took in Source E.
Moreover, the picture in Source E shows the scene in Rossville Street with a house being burned, it does not show any demonstrators or much violence in the picture while Source D says that the baton-charged ‘injured many marchers’ which is not portrayed in the pictorial source in Source E. Hence, it does not prove that what shocked viewers viewed in Source D is true.
In Source D, it also says that it was the ‘television pictures of the march taken by RTE cameraman, Gay O’Brien’ that shocked the viewers across the world. However, in Source E, it is simply a photograph taken from the Museum of Free Derry. Hence, it does not Source E does not prove what Source D says that viewers across the world were shocked.
However, Source E can be useful to show that since in 1965, such events where burning of houses were to take place, it will be expected that in 5 October 1968 where the march and violence outbreak as stated in Source D may experience the same scenario which will shock viewers across the world may occur as well since the discrimination against the Catholics have yet to be resolved. Hence Source E can be used as an indication but not as a proved that what Source D states is true.
Stephenie Seah, 4A
1(a)Source A depicts a demonstration by theNorthern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA). The cartoonist depicted a demonstrator holding up the sign “ One man one vote”, suggesting that there is unequal voting rights within the country and thus leading to the demonstration.
The source also strongly suggest that religious difference led to the demonstration. On one banner, the word “not creed” suggest that jobs should not be look upon as a religious system and thus everyone must have equal opportunity to hold any jobs. This inevitable fact shows that the unfairness felt within the people had led them protesting.
The purpose of this is source is to convince people that the demonstration carried out was very peaceful as depicted in the picture and thus “baton wielding” policemen were unnecessary, not to say the violence that was brought against them.
1(b) The artist made this statement so as to add credibility to the Civil Right Mural. The Mural depicted the reasons for the demonstration in Northern Ireland. By stating that “The artists have lived in the Bogside most of their lives and have experienced the worst of the conflict”, they had shown that they were first hand witnesses and victims of the conflict. Therefore, increasing the credibility of the Mural.
The audience that the statement is targeting at are governments of other countries. By increasing the credibility of the mural, the artist had strengthened the message to be brought across in the mural, which is to depict the price paid by “victims of the struggle for democratic rights”. Thus, the artist hope to garner help from international agency to help the them break free of “the troubles”.
1(c) I am not surprised by what source C says about the reason for the Civil Right movement in Northern Ireland. Source C states that Catholics minorities were “subject to various kind of discrimination” and that “unionist” had ruled Northern Ireland. Cross referencing with source A, which depicts words like “One man one vote” and “jobs not creed”, portrayed that there is some kind of discrimination arising. Thus, I am not surprised by what Source C says as it totally incorporates what source A depicts.
However, I am mildly surprised as the source does not differ from what source A depicts. As stated previously, both sources incorporates fully with one another. I had expected Source A, which is a biased source as it is from the victim’s point of view, to differ from Source B, which is a renowned to be a neutral news source. Thus, I am surprised.
Thus, this source brought about both elements into me.
1(d) No, Source E does not prove that what shocked viewers across the world in Source D was true. Source E depicts a picture from the Museum of Free Derry showing the scene in Rossville Street, 13th August 1965. However, the date that the picture took was 3 years after the demonstration organised by the NICRA, which was held in 1968. Thus, it is logically impossible for the picture to be the one that “shocked viewers around the world”.
Also, Source E only depicts only a burning building and does not show any sign of human injury or that it is the damage brought by the “Royal Ulster Constabulary” as stated in Source D as the shocking piece of news. Thus, Source D does not prve that what shocked the world in Source D was true.
However, this source might serve as an indication that violence is not over in Northern Ireland after 3 years, thus noting that the demonstration held in 1968 had not helped to resolve the issue in the country as even after 3 years, there is still signs of violence.
To conclude, this source does not prove that what shocked the viewers across the world in Source D is true but it could serve faithfully as an indication of the situation in Northern Ireland after 3 years and the effectiveness of the 1968 demonstration.
Tan Wei Chun
4Justice
1a. Good inference. well supported with content and explanation L5/5 out of 5
1b. Good inferences on the purpose but the audience is not the governmnet but interview user.L6 5 out of 6
1c.Hmm I am happy witht5 the first part of the answer but do nt understand the Source A and b. YOu should focus on Source C and cross ref it to the other source. L4 5 out of 6.
1d.Well done for 1d. Pray that the prove question come out for o level. L6 7out of 7
Dear Steph,
1a. How do you know that the people drawn are Catholic and nt Protestant? From contextual knowledge? HOwever the rest of the inference are god. L5 5 out of 5
1b. A bit too long for comfort as you have limited amountof time. I have to search through to see your PAO. Go for those firest . Do nto explain too much. L5 5 out of 6
1c Well done for this question. YOu have good contextual knowledge. L6 7 out of 7
1d. You are there already. You are careful and yoru pick out the correct fact to argue. Keep up the god work. L6 7 out of 7
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